University of Oxford. DCL: Betty Boothroyd, speaker of the House of Commons and MP for West Bromwich; John Wilson, director of the Royal Commonwealth Society for the Blind.

DLitt: Donald Davidson, analytic philosopher at the University of California, Berkeley; David Hockney, painter, draughtsman, etcher, stage designer.

DSc: Rudolph Marcus, Arthur Amos Noyes professor of chemistry at California Institute of Technology and Nobel laureate; James Watson, president of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.

DMus: Alfred Durr, acting director of the J. S. Bach Institute in Gottingen.

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UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN

LLD: Albert Reynolds, former Taoiseach; Craig Dobbin, chairman and chief executive of CHC Helicopter Corporation, Canada; Tom O'Dwyer, director general of DG XXII (coordination of structural policies); Patrick Dowling, vice chancellor, University of Surrey.

DSc: Anne Kernan, professor and head of the high energy research group, University of California at Riverside.

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UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL

DEng: David Leakey, former chief scientist, British Telecom; Philip Ruffles, director, engineering, Rolls Royce.

DLitt: Wolfgang Fruhwald, professor of modern German literature, University of Munich; Monia Furlong, author, writer and broadcaster, former moderator of the Movement for the Ordination of Women; Richard Long, artist.

DSc: Bridget Ogilvie, director of The Wellcome Trust; Donald Perkins, emeritus professor of elementary particle physics, University of Oxford; Richard Sykes, deputy chairman and chief executive of Glaxo Holdings.

DMus: Evelyn Glennie, percussionist.

MA: Joyce Cooper, benefactor of local charities through Needham Cooper Charitable Trust; John Pool, property consultant and fund raiser for local causes.

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UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE

DLitt: Graham Holderness, professor of cultural studies and dean of the school of humanities and education.

WINCHESTER SCHOOL OF ART

Honorary doctorates of the University of Southampton were awarded to: Lucienne Day, textile designer and Rasheed Araeen, artist, curator and writer.